Europe funds AI alternatives to large language models

06 Jan 2026 | News

With the US “hypnotised” by LLMs, European AI experts and research funders are pushing the continent to back different approaches

Yann LeCun (left) and Pim de Witte. Photo credits: Scaleway

Several European research and innovation funders are putting money into fresh forms of artificial intelligence that they hope can leapfrog large language models (LLMs), the systems that underpin chatbots such as ChatGPT but are seen by critics as inefficient and unreliable. 

Some think that Europe may even have an advantage over the US in the next wave of AI because its scientists are more sceptical towards LLMs, unlike US tech giants, which have poured hundreds of billions of dollars into building data centres to power new models.

Speaking at the AI-Pulse conference in Paris in December, Pim de Witte, co-founder of the Swiss-US start-up General Intuition, said it was “much easier” to find talent in Europe, because in the US,…